MU-COM Research Day

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Last Updated: 2021-10-22
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MU-COM Research Day is an annual showcase of the the research engagement of the students within the College of Osteopathic Medicine. Content on display are typically poster presentations along with faculty-led discussions of research projects. This event is coordinated by the MU-COM Research Club as well as the Faculty-led Research Club Committee.
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241.Survey of Bacterial Populations and Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in the Nina Mason Pulliam Ecolab (NMPE)

Title Tesim:
Survey of Bacterial Populations and Associated Antimicrobial Resistance in the Nina Mason Pulliam Ecolab (NMPE)
Creador:
Desrosiers, Megan, Ahmad, Azeem, Akbar, Samina, and Antolin, Bridgette
Descripción:
The spread of antibiotic resistance among bacteria is a potential threat to the effectiveness of antibiotics currently used for controlling common human pathogens. Also, the resistance to current antibiotics is spreading at a relatively high rate and is becoming prevalent in many environments. Therefore, survey of multidrug resistant bacteria (MDR) and distribution of types of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in natural environments is urgently needed. Here, we investigated the presence of MDR bacteria in a lake situated in Nina Mason Pulliam Ecolab (NMPE), a 55 acre natural prairie wetland ecosystem. The lake overflows into the nearby White River which winds through the City of Indianapolis making EcoLab an important urban wetland conservation area. In this study, the presence of natural antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) in lake water was screened using 20 currently used antibiotics, for example, penicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin etc. Three replicate water samples from 6 sites were collected to enumerate resistant bacteria in the lake bacterial community. Preliminary results confirm the presence of multidrug resistance bacteria in the lake water. Currently, we plan to investigate the “resistome” (antibiotic resistance gene pool) of Ecolab aquatic environments using specific primers and probes. An additional aim is to explore possible mechanisms of resistance emergence to these antibiotics using techniques such as replica plating, the Luria-Delbrück Fluctuation Test, the Newcombe Test, and the 16S rRNA sequencing. This study provides a baseline understanding of the urban freshwater ecosystem and quantitatively examines the level of resistance emergence which may be crucial in the spread of MDR in the Greater Indianapolis Area.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
poster
Fecha de Creacion:
11/9/2018

242.Sympathoexcitation causes differing responses in supraorbital vs peripheral skin nerves: implications for rosacea

Title Tesim:
Sympathoexcitation causes differing responses in supraorbital vs peripheral skin nerves: implications for rosacea
Creador:
Holt, Ian, Bullens, Kelsey, and Wilson, T
Related Url Tesim:
Audio presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=400bc32f-b32d-49ce-8c51-ac74017c88f5
Descripción:
Previous studies indicate that common fibular, tibial, and radial skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA) increases with physical stress in an exercise intensity-dependent manner but abates during ischemia when class Ill & IV muscle afferents are stimulated without the engagement of the motor cortex. It is currently unknown if these peripheral nerve responses are similar to nerves of the face. Rosacea, a fascial flushing disorder, results in substantially higher physical and mental stress-induced increases in SSNA, but it is unknown if this is modifiable. We hypothesize that physical stress increases supraorbital SSNA in an intensity-dependent manner. Furthermore, we hypothesize that post-exercise muscle ischemia (PEMI) will not modulate supraorbital SSNA Nine healthy subjects (5M/ 4F) participated in a series of physical stressors known to be symptom-triggering in individuals with rosacea. Forehead SSNA (supraorbital microneurography) was measured during handgrip exercise for 1 minute at 15%, 30%, and 45% of their maximum hand grip strength. Additionally, 2 minutes of hand grip at 30% of maximum, followed by 2 minutes of PEMI (upper-arm arterial occlusion) were completed to assess the role of muscle afferents in the SSNA response. Skin blood fiow (laser-Doppler fiowmetry) and transepithelial water loss/sweat rate (TEWUSR; capacitance hygrometry) were measured on both the forehead and the ventral forearm during procedures. Heart rate (HR; ECG) and mean arterial pressure (MAP; finger photoplethysmography) were also recorded. All intensities of handgrip increased HR and MAP, and these responses were positivity correlated with intensity. Handgrip also increased SSNA, but there was no association with intensity. No changes in skin blood fiow or TEWUSR were observed across trials. PEMI maintained handgrip-induced elevations of MAP and SSNA, albeit at a reduced magnitude compared to baseline. Contrary to our hypothesis, physical stress did not increase supraorbital SSNA in an intensity-dependent manner (15%, 30%, and 45% of maximum handgrip strength). Furthermore, unlike peripheral SSNA which increases during physical stress but abates during PEMI , these data indicate that ischemia or ischemic pain increases supraorbital SSNA These data imply that supraorbital SSNA differs in control and regulation from peripheral nerves, and these differences could potentially account for altered supraorbital SSNA results observed in individuals with rosacea.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
Poster
Palabra clave:
rosacea, sympathoexitation, and skin sympathetic nerve activity (SSNA)
Fecha de Creacion:
2020

243.Symptom Report of Long-Stay Nursing Home Residents

Title Tesim:
Symptom Report of Long-Stay Nursing Home Residents
Creador:
Hickman, Susan, Unroe, Kathleen, Mobley, Meaghan, and Miller, Luke
Descripción:
CONTEXT. Prior research has shown that nursing home residents have a significant burden of symptoms including pain, nervous and depressed feelings, fatigue, and lack of energy. OPTIMISTIC is an 8-year initiative funded by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and is based in Indianapolis. It is designed to reduce avoidable hospitalizations and enhance care in Indiana nursing homes. OBJECTIVE. Our study was a pilot study of OPTIMISTIC that provides baseline data for symptoms reported by stable nursing home residents. SETTING. For the pilot study, research assistants interviewed 42 residents from two different Indianapolis nursing homes. METHODS. To qualify for the study, residents had to be OPTIMISTIC eligible and could not have been acutely ill within the last two weeks. Qualified residents were then selected for interviews based on a randomized prioritized list. Research assistants used the SATISFIE tool to record resident symptom profiles. RESULTS. The results showed that 93% of residents indicated the presence of at least one symptom, and 52% of residents reported that they had at least one symptom that was severe. On average, residents were presenting with about 6.5 symptoms and 2/3 of all residents indicated a depressed mood. CONCLUSIONS. The findings from this pilot study raise awareness of the variety and severity of symptoms experienced by nursing home residents and highlights the need for a more in-depth assessment.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
poster
Fecha de Creacion:
11/9/2018

244.The synthesis of IFN-β during genital tract Chlamydia muridarum infection is important in minimizing the genital tract pathology caused by the immune responses to chlamydial infection

Title Tesim:
The synthesis of IFN-β during genital tract Chlamydia muridarum infection is important in minimizing the genital tract pathology caused by the immune responses to chlamydial infection
Creador:
Nick, Benjamin, Donner, Faith , Kumar, Ramesh , and Derbigny, Wilbert
Related Url Tesim:
Audio Presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=15da2550-5bf1-4cdc-8bd1-adf7011ba56a
Descripción:
Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted pathogen and is a significant threat to the reproductive health of women. With an estimated 2.8 million new infections domestically and 131 million new Ct infections acquired annually globally, chlamydia is costing health care systems billions of dollars to treat not only the acute infections but also the complications they cause. Ct genital tract infections are associated with cervicitis, urethritis, and endometritis; complications from chronic infections include pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and its sequelae of chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy, and tubal infertility. Although treatable with antibiotics, individuals infected with Ct are often unaware of the infection, and the asymptomatic nature of the disease facilitates the spread of the bacterium through further sexual contact with uninfected individuals. As a result, Ct infections have continued to increase over the past two decades, despite the implementation of screening and early intervention strategies.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
Poster
Palabra clave:
Chlamydia muridarum, infection, IFN-β , and Chlamydia trachomatis
Fecha de Creacion:
2021

245.Targeting DNA-PK and the DNA Damage Response via Small Molecule Ku Inhibitors

Title Tesim:
Targeting DNA-PK and the DNA Damage Response via Small Molecule Ku Inhibitors
Creador:
Vernon, Tyler, Turchi, John, and Gavande, Navnath
Descripción:
The DNA dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) is a validated target for cancer therapeutics that drives the DNA damage response (DDR) and plays a critical role as a primary sensor in the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA double strand break (DSB) repair pathway. Various anti-cancer therapeutic strategies mediate their cytotoxic effects by inducing DSBs, inducing ionizing radiation (IR), and clinical outcomes are directly related to the repair of DNA damage. Modulating the pathway responsible for repairing DSBs will have a profound impact on the efficacy of DNA damaging agents in the clinic. To date, development of inhibitors for DNA-PK has focused on targeting the active site with ATP mimetics. We have taken the novel and innovative approach to inhibiting DNA-PK via blocking the Ku 70/80 heterodimer interaction with DNA, a necessary step in DNA-PK activation. Exploiting this unique mechanism of kinase activa-tion, we have identified a series of highly potent and specific DNA-PK inhibitors that impart their inhibitory activity via disruption of the binding of Ku protein to DNA ends. This novel approach affords significant advantages to current approaches in kinase inhibition. Novel derivatives of our initial hit inhibit DNA-PK catalytic activity at nanomo-lar concentrations and potentiate cellular sensitivity to DSB-inducing agents like etopo-side and bleomycin. Data demonstrate that the cellular effects observed are a function of Ku inhibition and that this novel class of DNA-PK inhibitors can be further developed as anti-cancer therapeutics that can be used as an adjuvant to, or concomitant with radiotherapy and other cancer therapies that induce DNA damage.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
poster
Fecha de Creacion:
11/22/2019

246.Targeting PRC2-regulated, super enhancer-driven transcription factors to treat malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors

Title Tesim:
Targeting PRC2-regulated, super enhancer-driven transcription factors to treat malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
Creador:
Lou, Hannah, Shern, J, and Zhang, X
Related Url Tesim:
Audio Presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=5b16f6b5-4e4c-4db4-88a1-ac730000c7c3
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
Poster
Palabra clave:
malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2)
Fecha de Creacion:
2020

247.Temporal Study of Renal Volume Losses in Patients with Robotic Partial Nephrectomies

Title Tesim:
Temporal Study of Renal Volume Losses in Patients with Robotic Partial Nephrectomies
Creador:
Sundaram, Chandru, Kondo, Tsunenori, Patel, Rushi, and Bahler, Clinton
Related Url Tesim:
Audio presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=305e1af6-6dac-459e-99df-adf701236dd3
Descripción:
Purpose: Partial nephrectomies by their nature are associated with renal volume loss. Our goal from this study is to examine renal volume loss over time post partial nephrectomy. Material and Methods: Fifty patients were followed for 1-year post partial robotic nephrectomy with two-layer renorrhaphy and the sliding clip technique. This was done with an initial preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan to assess renal mass and location. Post partial nephrectomy patients were imaged at time points 3-days, 6-months, and 12-months. Results: Patient demographics were 82% male with a median (IQR) age of 57 (45-67) and all were of Japanese descent. The medians (IQR) for warm ischemia time: 18 minutes (14-22), total operative time: 181.5 minutes (169.3-218.5), and estimated blood loss: 20 mL (10-50). The tumor characteristics had a median (IQR) diameter of 2.8 cm (2.5-3.4) with a RENAL score of 7 (6-8). The renal CT volumes showed median (IQR) volume losses at 3-days: -1% (-7.1, 1.8), 6-months: -15.3% (-20.6, -11.2), and 12-months: -16.3% (-19.0, -12.8). Significance was seen at the 3-days to 6-months comparison for volume loss (p<0.0001). Mean (SD) eGFR losses were as follows: at discharge 0.5% (12.9), 1-month -6.4% (11.8), 6-months -4.6% (9.8), and 12-months -3.6% (11.9). Statistical analysis showed significance for GFR loss at the comparison between discharge to 1-month and 6-months (p=0.01, p=0.04). Conclusion: The initial volume loss seen post-surgery from resected healthy tissue was not significant and only became relevant at longer time points suggesting that loss could be from atrophy. Volume loss over time supports the hypothesis that suture renorrhaphy is a primary cause of volume loss when warm ischemia time is <25minutes.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
Poster
Palabra clave:
renal volume loss, Partial Nephrectomies, and Robotic
Fecha de Creacion:
2021

248.Testing Novel Phenolic Fluorophores as Palladium Sensors at Different Concentrations

Title Tesim:
Testing Novel Phenolic Fluorophores as Palladium Sensors at Different Concentrations
Creador:
Wysocki, Laura, Shrack, Christopher, and Gallivan, Max
Descripción:
Palladium is often used in the synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), although it is toxic to ingest. As it is difficult to remove, it is imperative to develop optimal palladium sensors that can be utilized in quality control of pharmaceutical synthesis in order to ensure that all residual palladium catalyst is removed from APIs. The goal of this project is to study a novel series of phenolic fluorophores in order see which, if any, are capable of functioning as palladium sensors. Through a Tsuji-Trost substitution reaction, palladium functions as a catalyst that facilitates the removal of the allyl group from these phenolic compounds and produces a fluorescent molecule that can be quantified. The fluorescence signals of these product compounds were measured over using a Carey Eclipse Fluorimeter in the organic chemistry laboratory at Wabash College. Each phenolic compound was introduced to seven different solutions of varying concentrations of palladium and immediately placed in the Fluorimeter for analysis. The initial rates of the deallylation reaction were measured over 15 minutes, which tells us at what concentrations of palladium the phenolic compound can be distinguished from the blank and be considered an effective palladium sensor. The lower limits of detection amongst these four compounds allowed us to determine the effects that additional functional groups had on the palladium sensing capabilities of these fluorophores. The unsubstituted compound fluoresced more and at an increased initial rate than either the bromo- or methoxy-substituted compounds at every concentration of palladium. However, the unsubstituted compound also fluoresced more over time in the absence of palladium, which is not ideal for a palladium sensor, while the substituted compounds only fluoresced in the presence of palladium. Future work should be directed towards introducing weakly electron-withdrawing groups to the unsubstituted compound in order to optimize its palladium sensing capabilities.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
poster
Palabra clave:
palladium sensors, Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs), and phenolic fluorophores
Fecha de Creacion:
1/1/2016

249.Therapeutic Discovery for Friedreich Ataxia Using Random shRNA Selection

Title Tesim:
Therapeutic Discovery for Friedreich Ataxia Using Random shRNA Selection
Creador:
Kaur, Avinash, Cotticelli, M., and Xia, Shujuan
Descripción:
2 fold, either as a vector-expressed shRNA or as a transfected siRNA. We randomly mutagenized gFA2 to create a gFA2 variant sub-library. We screened this sub-library in primary FA fibroblasts and identified two gFA2 variants, gFA2.8 and gFA2.10, that further increase frataxin expression. Microarray analyses of primary FA fibroblasts expressing another hit shRNA, gFA11, revealed alterations in ~350 mRNAs. Bioinformatic pathway analyses indicated significant changes in mRNAs involved in cytokine secretion; we confirmed significant changes in cytokine secretion induced by gFA11 biochemically. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that inhibition of a known transcription factor, or treatment of cells with a previously studied chemical compound, induced a statistically similar pattern of gene expression to that induced by gFA11. Inhibition of the transcription factor using a directed siRNA in primary FA fibroblasts, as well as treatment of the cells with the chemical compound, recapitulated the phenotype induced by gFA11, namely reversal of decreased growth/survival in mitochondrial stress media. We are currently planning similar microarray and bioinformatics analyses of the optimized versions of gFA2. Combined with microarray analyses and bioinformatic pattern-matching, our random, shRNA library screens potentially yield, 1) small-RNA therapeutic candidates, 2) conventional chemical-compound therapeutic candidates, 3) drug-target candidates, and 4) elucidation of disease mechanisms, which may inform additional therapeutic initiatives.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Idioma:
English
Tipo de recurso:
poster
Palabra clave:
cytokine secretion, random shRNA, and Friedreich ataxia (FA)
Fecha de Creacion:
1/1/2015

250.Too Much of A Good Thing: A Case of Suspected Acute Tubular Necrosis Provoked by Hypervitaminosis D

Title Tesim:
Too Much of A Good Thing: A Case of Suspected Acute Tubular Necrosis Provoked by Hypervitaminosis D
Creador:
Benavente K, Knox, M, and Peesapati, Meghna
Related Url Tesim:
Audio presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=13497d59-ee9b-4850-86a6-adf701217e87
Descripción:
Calcitriol is a vitamin critical in regulating calcium homeostasis, maintenance of musculoskeletal integrity, and both a commonly prescribed medication and over the counter supplement. • However, the incidence of vitamin D toxicity is escalating, manifesting clinically with confusion, polyuria, polydipsia, muscle weakness, and nausea and vomiting (1). • While acute hypercalcemia, especially in the setting of milk-alkali syndrome, has been demonstrated to induce a reversible AKI, the direct cytotoxic effect of excess Vitamin D on the renal parenchyma in the setting of lower levels of serum calcium, has not been well studied nor documented.
Declaración de derechos:
http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
Tipo de recurso:
Poster
Palabra clave:
acute hypercalcemia, Acute Tubular Necrosis, Hypervitaminosis D, serum calcium, and Calcitriol
Fecha de Creacion:
2021