MU-COM Research Day
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Last Updated: 2021-10-22
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MU-COM Research Day is an annual showcase of the the research engagement of the students within the College of Osteopathic Medicine. Content on display are typically poster presentations along with faculty-led discussions of research projects. This event is coordinated by the MU-COM Research Club as well as the Faculty-led Research Club Committee.- Articulos totales
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265
Colecciones para padres (1)
Trabajos (262)
221.Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated receptor 𝛄 (PPAR𝛄) in Coxiella Burnetii Infection
- Title Tesim:
- Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated receptor 𝛄 (PPAR𝛄) in Coxiella Burnetii Infection
- Creador:
- Mulye, Minal, Calhoun, Adelaide, and Spencer, Celina
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1/1/2020
222.Role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors {PPARs} in autoimmunity, immunocompromised, and infectious states: a Review
- Title Tesim:
- Role of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors {PPARs} in autoimmunity, immunocompromised, and infectious states: a Review
- Creador:
- Tingare, Aslesha, Mulye, Minal, Cumbay, Medhane, Schenck, Tyler, and Phelps, Katherine
- Related Url Tesim:
- Video Presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=fcb8029c-c5e8-499e-a0ea-ac74012f06b7
- Descripción:
- , and yl, y2, and y3 • We continue to learn more about the involvement of PPARs in immune modulation. Conclusion • Further understanding PPARs upstream pathways and interactions can contextualize pathophysiology in immunocompromised states • There is a relationship between PPARs and infections • Pharmacological evidence targeting these PPARs is prevalent to accelerate clearance of these pathogens but also assist in pharmacologic therapy for autoimmunity and immunocompromised states
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- Poster
- Palabra clave:
- Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), infectious states, and autoimmunity
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 2020
223.Role of Protein Kinase-C and Rho Kinase in the Cytotoxic Effects of Bitter Melon Extract on Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
- Title Tesim:
- Role of Protein Kinase-C and Rho Kinase in the Cytotoxic Effects of Bitter Melon Extract on Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells
- Creador:
- Bhetwal, Bhupal and Choi, Heeyun
- Descripción:
- Introduction: Bitter melon extract (BME) is known to inhibit breast cancer cells (MCF-7) proliferation. The PKC and ROK play critical roles in cell division, migration, and survival. However, the roles of protein kinase-c (PKC) and rho kinase (ROK) inhibition on MCF-7 cells have not been established. Moreover, whether potential effects of BME’s effects on MCF-7 cells are mediated by PKC and ROK are unknown. Aims: We aimed to investigate if BME exerts cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 cells) and if PKC and ROCK mediate BME’s effects. We hypothesized that BME inhibits proliferation of MCF-7 cells by decreasing PKC activity and increasing ROK activity. Methods: Fresh bitter melons were purchased from an Asian grocery store and the extract (BME) was extracted, centrifuged, and filter sterilized. The MCF-7 cells were cultured in DMEM medium with different amounts of BME [0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, and 10% of BME (v/v)], and in the presence of absence of PKC inhibitor (GF109203x; 0.5µM) and ROK inhibitor (H-1152; 1 µM). After culturing cells for 6 days (for the dose-response study) and 2 days (for the inhibitor studies), pictures of cultures were taken, cell viability was determined using Trypan blue dye, and change in protein expression was determined using western blotting. Repeated t-test was used to determine statistical significance. Results & Discussion: BME dose-dependently inhibited viability of MCF-cells (N=3) and MYPT1 (Myosin phosphatase targeting subunit-1) expression (N=1, duplicate). The PKC inhibitor alone did not have significant effect on cell viability (N=4) but the ROK inhibitor decreased cell viability (N=5) and MYPT1 expression. In the future, we will be studying phosphorylation of ROK’s target proteins to examine how ROK mediates BME’s cytotoxic effects.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/9/2018
224.The Role of Quorum Sensing and Stringent Response in Vibrio cholerae Antibiotic Resistance
- Title Tesim:
- The Role of Quorum Sensing and Stringent Response in Vibrio cholerae Antibiotic Resistance
- Creador:
- Skelton, Alexis and Raskin, David
- Descripción:
- Vibrio cholerae is a Gram-negative bacterium that is the cause of the diarrheal disease cholera. Many strains have developed antibiotic resistance which allows these mutated strains to elude traditional treatment. Among the mechanisms that are proposed to contribute to antibiotic resistance are the quorum sensing genes and the stringent response. The stringent response is a bacterial defense mechanism in response to environmental stress in which gene expression is modified to divert resources from growth and division instead to long-term survival. Quorum sensing is a means of determining how many bacteria are present nearby and regulating genes according to that information, using the transcription factor HapR to activate or repress gene transcription. In our experiments, we explored how two closely related patient-derived cholera strains (C6706 and N16461), with combinations of deletions of the stringent response genes, responded to a large spectrum of antibiotics. On initial exploration, we discovered that stringent response played a role in resistance to antibiotics, but the C6706 strains seemed to demonstrate less antibiotic resistance than the N16461 strains. One of the major differences between these two strains is the presence of the quorum sensing transcription factor hapR in the C6706 strains, while N16961 contains a natural non-sense mutation in hapR and lacks quorum sensing regulation. To explore if the differences in antibiotic resistance profiles of C6706 and N16961 strains was due to quorum sensing, we created a deletion of hapR in C6706. We exposed C6706ΔhapR to the same initial antibiotics and found that there was little difference in antibiotic resistance between C6706ΔhapR and C6706. This indicated that the difference in resistance to antibiotics seen in C6706 and N16961 was not due to quorum sensing. Future experiments will test whether the stringent response regulatory system acts differently in N16961 and C6706, and if that plays a role in the different antibiotic resistance profiles of the strains.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/22/2019
225.The Role of α2δ1 in Mediating Extracellular Signaling in Retinal Cells
- Title Tesim:
- The Role of α2δ1 in Mediating Extracellular Signaling in Retinal Cells
- Creador:
- Thompson, William R., Kelly, Madison, Bender, Cecelia, Hum, Julia, Oberhelman, Forrest, and Young, Collin
- Descripción:
- Voltage sensitive calcium channels (VSCCs) are key components in coordinating extracellular signaling that influence calcium (Ca2+) influx and subsequent downstream signaling in a variety of tissues including bone. Previous work involving inhibition or genetic deletion of VSCCs impaired bone formation and responses to loading. These studies focused on the pore-forming α1 subunit of VSCCs. In addition to α1, VSCC complexes contain auxiliary subunits, including α2δ1, that influence channel function. The role of the α2δ1 subunit of VSCCs are underappreciated in specific types of neuronal tissue, particularly retinal cells. Clinically, the α2δ1 subunit is pharmacologically targeted by gabapentin, blocking the channel to increase synaptic GABA concentration to aid in modulating nociception. Recently, gabapentin treatment has been associated with cases of macular edema. The purpose of our study was to characterize in vitro models of retinal α2δ1 expression and examine if changes in intraocular pressure are mediated via VSCCs. Two immortalized rat retinal cell lines, R28 and RMC-1, were characterized for α2δ1/4 expression under both static and oscillatory fluid shear stress (OFSS) conditions. Initial Western blot data support that both R28 and RMC-1s are responsive to OFSS as quantified by the phosphorylation of ERK. Ongoing studies are focused on further characterization of the R28 and RMC-1 cells lines for changes in α2δ1/4 expression under static and OFSS conditions. Future studies will include treating R28 and RMC-1 cells with gabapentin to examine its capability of modulating α2δ1 function in retinal cells.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/9/2018
226.Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with a History of Solid Organ Transplant and C. Difficile Infection
- Title Tesim:
- Safety and Efficacy of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Patients with a History of Solid Organ Transplant and C. Difficile Infection
- Creador:
- Khan, Noor and Fischer, Monika
- Descripción:
- Clostridium difficile infection is particularly common in SOT patients and the consequences are severe. Fecal microbiota transplantation is an emerging, highly efficacious therapeutic modality for CDI but data on FMT success in SOT patients is scarce. This study is a retrospective, observational study, collecting a large number of cases to assess the safety and efficacy of FMT in the SOT population from our FMT database. The specific aims of the proposal are 1. To identify SOT recipients prior to undergoing FMT (organ type, antirejection medications used) 2. To characterize CDI by severity, number of recurrences, antibiotic therapies 3. To characterize FMT for efficacy and safety 4. To characterize SOT course following FMT Inclusion criteria: 1. Established solid organ transplant (SOT) recipient prior to first Fecal Microbiota transplantation. 2. Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) treated with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) 3. No Exclusion criteria were present. Study Procedures: This study is a retrospective and observational study of patients with SOT treated with FMT for CDI since 2012. Outside institutions will be asked to participate. Data will be extracted from FMT research databases and from review of electronic medical records. Data points that will be collected include basic demographic information, SOT characteristics, CDI severity prior and following FMT procedure, details of treatments used for CDI and SOT, documented comorbidities, and success of FMT at 1 month and 3 month following procedure through PCR testing. (Appendix A: data collection sheet). Other institutions will use the data collection sheet in the appendix. All of the information will be de-identified when it is sent to us. The patient # is NOT the MRN, but only a number assigned to each subject to keep track of entries. We will not be sent any identifiable information from other institutions. Data collection sheets from our site will also be de-identified. Statistical Considerations: Data interpretation will be performed using descriptive statistical methods. Conclusion: The project is currently being finalized and will be formally submitted to the American College of Gastroenterology by the end of this month.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Palabra clave:
- solid organ transplant (SOT), Clostridium difficile infection, and Fecal microbiota transplantation
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 1/1/2016
227.Salmonella protein AvrA Promotes Chronic Infection Through MDM2
- Title Tesim:
- Salmonella protein AvrA Promotes Chronic Infection Through MDM2
- Creador:
- Xia, Eric and Zha, Lang
- Descripción:
- Background: Recent studies indicated that chronic Salmonella infection contributes to increased risk of human colon cancer. In our previous studies, we found that Salmonella type III secretion effector protein AvrA can induce colon cancer by activating the wnt/ β-catenin pathway. Here, we examined the mechanism of DNA damage and repair by AvrA in the context of Salmonella infectivity. We hypothesize that AvrA downregulates P53 through MDM2, inhibiting apoptosis and allowing Salmonella to establish chronic infection. Methods: We used Salmonella infected human colon epithelial HCT116 cells in vitro and a Salmonella infected mouse model in vivo. The Salmonella strains used included wild type Salmonella (WT), AvrA knockout Salmonella (AvrA-), AvrA overexpression Salmonella (AvrA+), and a Salmonella mutant strain Phopc (Phopc). Western Blot (WB) analysis of proteins in the MDM2/P53 pathway was performed at multiple time points. Tangential markers of virulence included weight loss, fecal Salmonella content, and invasion of Salmonella to other tissues. Results: In human HCT116 cells infected with Salmonella for 8 hours, MDM2, LB1, and RAD51 were significantly higher in the WT and AvrA+ groups compared to the AvrA- group, while P53 was lower. Colon tissue from mice infected with Salmonella for 8 hours showed a similar trend observed in vivo. In colon tissue from mice infected with Salmonella for 11 days, MDM2 expression remained high in the WT and AvrA+ groups compared to the AvrA- group, but P53 expression was presumably recovered through the known ATM/CHK pathway, indicating that AvrA mainly influenced cell-survival in the short-term to allow establishment of chronic infection. ArvA- mice infected for 10 days had lower Salmonella liver translocation and fecal CFU than WT or AvrA+ infected mice, indicating that AvrA promoted intracellular survival, growth, and spread. AvrAinfected mice lost more weight than AvrA+ infected mice, however WT infected mice lost more weight than both groups. This project is ongoing; there are additional 11-day infection mouse samples to WB and the cell culture infection will be repeated before quantifying the WB data. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that Salmonella effector protein AvrA negatively regulates P53 through MDM2, decreasing the virulence of Salmonella and promoting translocation and chronic infection. Our study provides new insight into the bacterial regulation of DNA damage in host-bacterial interactions. Acknowledgements: This work was performed with Dr. Lang Zha in the lab of Dr. Jun Sun at the University of Illinois at Chicago.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- presentation
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/22/2019
228.School Success Clinic
- Title Tesim:
- School Success Clinic
- Creador:
- Sullivan, Paula, Wikel, Kristin, Kelley, Meagan, and Curtin, Michelle
- Descripción:
- The work of children is school; despite this, medical providers and educators often live completely separately in their child-family interactions from one another. Yet, medical issues impact school success and school issues are commonly brought by families to the primary care provider. Evaluation of children with school needs frequently takes place in a silo of school or the medical domain. Our team recognized the potential to bring together medical, psychosocial, and educational information to promote access to educational supports and medical care from a whole person model. The School Success Clinic focuses on children and adolescents with academic under-achievement to provide developmentally sensitive medical evaluation with emphasis on medical and psychosocial risk factors for learning differences/needs.The clinic combines medical techniques including medical history taking and physical examination together with psychological interview techniques and psychological testing interpretation. The clinic works with community schools and families to communicate the medical-educational information around the child’s school needs; with primary care providers on the medical interventions (e.g. hearing testing, vision testing); with school to discuss need based accommodation planning, initiation of psychoeducational evaluation, and to share eligibility making diagnoses. The Developmental-behavioral pediatrician uses a triage model for children and youth referred from primary care providers and subspecialty care providers during initial en-counter to determine the level of need and next steps. Engagement with the child psychologist includes diagnostic assessment, guidance through testing interpretation, and psychosocial recommendations. Teacher input allows families with additional needs to have individualized supports when working with the school, access to educational accommodation and law information, among other resources. Medical and education trainees are likewise trained within the clinic with focus on their needs for current and future practice. From a 1 year pilot of the clinic, the majority of referred children are in elementary school (<11 years). The clinical needs have been broken into 3 large categories: children and youth without current educational supports needing psychoeducational evaluation, children and youth with current educational supports needing addition-alternative supports, children and youth with excellent educational supports needing family education about the child’s needs. Common diagnoses from the clinic include Intellectual Disability, Developmental Delay(s), sleep problems, and anxiety disorder/anxiousness. Community partnerships have developed with the Indiana Department of Education and local family educational advocacy group IN*Source as well as a special education educator.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/22/2019
229.Secondary Characteristics of Side Effects Experienced in Pediatric Oncology Patients Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine
- Title Tesim:
- Secondary Characteristics of Side Effects Experienced in Pediatric Oncology Patients Receiving the COVID-19 Vaccine
- Creador:
- Jacob, Seethal , Belsky, Jennifer , and Carroll, Whitney
- Related Url Tesim:
- Audio presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=d9825d44-b5e3-4f14-b0f3-adf70123babd
- Descripción:
- • The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to the swift development of multiple vaccines • Common side effects of COVID-19 vaccination include lymphadenopathy and fever in healthy adults • Fever and lymphadenopathy are concerning symptoms in children with cancer • It is important to distinguish features of reactive lymphadenopathy to the vaccine versus concern for malignant tissue • Vaccine hesitancy within the pediatric and adolescent hematology/oncology communities stems in part by a lack of data • This study investigated the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccination in children with cancer and Sickle Cell Disease (SCD)
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- Poster
- Palabra clave:
- Side Effects, Secondary Characteristics, COVID-19 Vaccine , and Pediatric Oncology Patients
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 2021
230.Sex Is A Strong Variable In The Mineral Metabolism Defects And Endocrine Dysfunction Associated With The Murine Adenine Diet Model Of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD
- Title Tesim:
- Sex Is A Strong Variable In The Mineral Metabolism Defects And Endocrine Dysfunction Associated With The Murine Adenine Diet Model Of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD
- Creador:
- White, Kenneth, Hum, Julia, Noonan, Megan, Clinkenbeard, Erica, Tippen, Samantha, Agoro, Rafiou, and Liesen, Michael
- Descripción:
- Introduction: The adenine diet is widely used in animal models to produce a tubu-lointerstitial fibrosis and inflammation that mimics human CKD in many aspects. These include the biochemical manifestations hyperphosphatemia and anemia, as well as endocrine dysfunction with elevated FGF23 and hyperparathyroidism. Male rodents are known to be less tolerant of adenine diet regimen than females, however the underlying mechanisms driving the sex differences remain unclear. Additionally, much of the data for adenine studies arises from rats, whereas mice are more commonly used in laboratory settings and are far easier to manipulate genetically. Objective: To this end, as part of a larger study to test the effects of iron-handling in CKD, we assessed the biochemical, molecular, and physical differences between male and female mice receiving an adenine diet to induce CKD. Methods: Flox-Fgf23 mice (8 weeks of age, n=4-6/group; mice were Cre negative, thus phenotypically wild type) were placed on a 0.2% adenine-containing diet (CKD); a matching casein-based diet served as control. After 6 weeks, mice were euthanized, and blood and tissues were collected for analysis. Results: As expected, body weight at baseline was initially higher in males than in females, however males lost significantly more weight. Serum BUN was also elevated in both sexes receiving adenine, although males were higher (1.2 fold; p<0.01). Males also had elevated creatinine and lower total serum iron from baseline whereas females had no significant changes. FGF23 was elevated in all mice, with no significant differ-ences between sexes. Kidney fibrosis and inflammation markers were elevated in the CKD mice, with males having higher expression of Col1a1 and -3a1 versus females (3.5/1.5 fold; p<0.001) and TNFα mRNA (2 fold; p<0.001). Renal expression of the anabolic vitamin D metabolizing enzyme Cyp27b1 (1a-hydroyxlase) and early growth response 1 (Egr1) were increased in CKD mice, with males having higher expression over females. Conversely, CKD males had lower kidney Klotho mRNA expression, and both sexes fed adenine expressed significantly lower NPT2a (sodium- phosphate co-transporter2a) mRNA. Liver expression of ferritin (Fth1) was elevated in male CKD mice compared to diet controls, whereas female mice had no differences. Elevated FGF23 has been linked to ventricular hypertrophy, and CKD males had significantly higher heart weight to femur ratio at completion of the study. Conclusions: Our results support that male mice succumb more rapidly than females to adenine diet mediated CKD phenotypes, potentially enhanced by fibrosis and inflam-mation. It remains to be determined whether the more rapid onset of defects in iron handling parameters accelerate the severe male CKD phenotype.
- Declaración de derechos:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Idioma:
- English
- Tipo de recurso:
- poster
- Fecha de Creacion:
- 11/22/2019