MU-COM Research Day
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Last Updated: 2021-10-22
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MU-COM Research Day is an annual showcase of the the research engagement of the students within the College of Osteopathic Medicine. Content on display are typically poster presentations along with faculty-led discussions of research projects. This event is coordinated by the MU-COM Research Club as well as the Faculty-led Research Club Committee.- Gesamtanzahl
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21. Antagonism Between Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Activin Signaling Pathways in Osteoprogenitor Cells
- Title Tesim:
- Antagonism Between Bone Morphogenetic Protein and Activin Signaling Pathways in Osteoprogenitor Cells
- Schöpfer:
- Arthur, Jon, Chlebek, Sylvia, Yates, Sydni, Jestes, Kelli, Newby, Jordan, Lowery, Jonathan, and Totten, Madeline
- Beschreibung:
- Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mineral density due to the rate of bone resorption exceeding that of bone formation. Evidence indicates the Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) pathway promotes bone formation through action of effectors SMAD1/5/8 while the Activin pathway negatively influences bone mass through effectors SMAD2/3. Studies suggest that BMPs and Activins regulate bone mass in a see-saw-like mechanism. We seek to test this hypothesis in vitro via signaling responsiveness assays using pathway-specific western blot analyses in the osteogenic murine bone marrow stromal cell line W-20-17. We first confirmed that W-20-17 cells exhibit basal activation of SMAD1/5/8 and SMAD2/3 under serum-restricted conditions. Treatment with Follistatin, which sequesters Activin ligands in the extracellular environment, leads to an increase in BMP pathway activation. To determine the mechanism allowing for this, we treated W-20-17 cells with SB431542, an intracellular inhibitor of Activin signaling that functions downstream of receptor engagement, and found no effect on BMP pathway activation. In contrast, treatment with BMP pathway inhibitor Noggin had no effect on Activin pathway activation despite robust inhibition of BMP signaling. Our results suggest Activin-mediated repression of BMP signaling in these cells is ligand-dependent but occurs upstream of SMAD2/3 activation. Gene expression analyses indicate that W-20-17 cells express Activin A and its receptors ALK4, ACVR2A, and ACVR2B. Given that ACVR2A and ACVR2B also have high affinity for BMP ligands, this raises the possibility that Activin-mediated repression of BMP signaling may occur via competition for a shared pool of receptors. Over-expression studies and osteoblast activity assays are underway to examine this hypothesis. Our work seeks to elucidate the mechanism(s) that regulate antagonism of BMP and Activin signaling pathways to identify novel opportunities for treating low bone mass in humans.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- poster
- Datum erstellt:
- 11/9/2018
22. Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Black Raspberry Extract on Human Esophageal and Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells
- Title Tesim:
- Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Black Raspberry Extract on Human Esophageal and Intestinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells
- Schöpfer:
- Schmidt, Jamie, Jovanovic, Nebojsa, Link, Benjamin, Rafiee, Parvaneh, Nie, Linghui, Otterson, Mary, Lyros, Orestis, Stoner, Gary, Medda, Rituparna, and Shaker, Reza
- Beschreibung:
- Polyphenolic compounds (anthocyanins, flavonoid glycosides) in berries prevent the initiation, promotion, and progression of carcinogenesis in rat’s digestive tract and esophagus, in part, via anti-inflammatory pathways. Angiogenesis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation and tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of black raspberry extract (BRE) on two organ specific primary human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells, (HIMEC) and human esophageal microvascular endothelial cells (HEMEC), isolated from surgically resected human intestinal and donor discarded esophagus, respectively. HEMEC and HIMEC were stimulated with TNF-α/IL-1β with or without BRE. The anti-inflammatory effects of BRE were assessed based upon COX-2, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 gene and protein expression, PGE2 production, NFB p65 subunit nuclear translocation as well as endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion. The anti-angiogenic effects of BRE were assessed on cell migration, proliferation and tube formation following VEGF stimulation as well as on activation of Akt, MAPK and JNK signaling pathways. BRE inhibited TNF-α/IL-1β-induced NFκB p65 nuclear translocation, PGE2 production, up-regulation of COX-2, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 gene and protein expression and leukocyte binding in HEMEC but not in HIMEC. BRE attenuated VEGF-induced cell migration, proliferation and tube formation in both HEMEC and HIMEC. The anti-angiogenic effect of BRE is mediated by inhibition of Akt, MAPK and JNK phosphorylations. BRE exerted differential anti-inflammatory effects between HEMEC and HIMEC following TNF-α/IL-1β activation whereas demonstrated similar anti-angiogenic effects following VEGF stimulation in both cell lines. These findings may provide more insight into the anti-tumorigenic capacities of BRE in human disease and cancer.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- poster
- Stichwort:
- anti-inflammatory pathways, Polyphenolic compounds, human esophageal microvascular endothelial cells (HEMEC), (HIMEC), human intestinal microvascular endothelial cells, and black raspberry extract (BRE)
- Datum erstellt:
- 1/1/2015
23. Applications of Virtual Reality in Osteopathic Medical Student Education
- Title Tesim:
- Applications of Virtual Reality in Osteopathic Medical Student Education
- Schöpfer:
- Gebhardt, Garren, Perugini, Anthony, Stjepic, Sergej, Boget, Bradley, and Dufeau, David
- Related Url Tesim:
- Audio presentation: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=8cef8fbd-7113-405a-82bb-ac73000544f2
- Beschreibung:
- Book, presentation, and video are the current most popular modalities used for grasping what is conceptual in OMM; Students entering medical school have a higher degree of technological literacy. Education technology reports have indicated that the current generation of students has shown great interest in interactive technology and web applications (apps)1. Subsequently the "gamiflcation" of education has quickly shown promise2. These "games", virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) simulations have been shown to promote learning, engagement, clinical application, and immediate feedback lo the student3-•. Integrative virtual reality and simulation based education is readily embraced as a standard for specialties such as surgery, urology, cardiology, basic procedural education, and more5. We postulate that a movement towards a dynamic, three-dimensional application, or website that animates the techniques of OMM could be a highly beneficial development. The goal of this proof-of-concept is lo posit how we can come to understand whether technologies such as VR can be developed and integrated, and how their effects on osteopathic students can be measured. In order to achieve this goal we have developed a proof of concept technology al Marian University College of Osteopatl1ic Medicine (MUCOM) that models a number of basic dysfunctions, and that would be VR compatible.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- Poster
- Stichwort:
- gamiflcation, Virtual Reality, and Medical Student Education
- Datum erstellt:
- 2020
24. Are Axon Reflex Responses Altered in Rosacea?
- Title Tesim:
- Are Axon Reflex Responses Altered in Rosacea?
- Schöpfer:
- Blakesley, Jeffrey, Clegg, Patrick, Wilson, Thad, and Metzler-Wilson, Kristen
- Beschreibung:
- Sympathetic-like axon reflexes drive the initial increase in blood flow of the biphasic cutaneous vasodilation response of non-glabrous skin to local heating. It is currently unknown whether this process is involved in the etiology or altered in the pathology of facial flushing disorders, such as rosacea. The hypothesis that afferent responses (axon reflexes) to local triggers would be increased in rosacea-affected areas compared to both unaffected areas and control subjects was tested. In this pilot study, skin blood flow (laser-Doppler flowmetry) responses of one healthy subject and one otherwise healthy subject with rosacea to non-noxious local heating (Baseline for 5min, 32°C for 5min, and 42°C for 30 min) induction of axon reflex vasodilation in the forearm and cheek were measured and expressed as a percentage of maximum cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC = flux/mean arterial pressure). Additionally, sensation and thus the axon reflex was blocked in both forearm and cheek (topical lidocaine/prilocaine, 60- 90min) sites and skin blood flow responses were reassessed. Baseline and peak forearm skin blood flow differed between control (base = 12, peak = 89 %CVCmax) and rosacea (base = 2, peak = 80 %CVCmax) during heating without sensory blockade, but cheek skin blood flow values did not differ between subjects. During sensory blockade, peak forearm vasodilation was increased in rosacea (Control = 65, Rosacea = 77 %CVCmax), while cheek vasodilation was decreased (Control = 94, Rosacea = 84 %CVCmax). Additional subjects are needed to gain further insight to the role of sympathetic-like local axon reflexes in facial flushing disorders. Preliminarily, this pilot data suggests that there may be differences in axon reflex control of cutaneous vasodilation in rosacea-affected areas.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- poster
- Stichwort:
- axon reflexes, rosacea, skin blood flow
- Datum erstellt:
- 1/1/2016
25. Are Diuretics Useful at Reducing Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)? Yes!
- Title Tesim:
- Are Diuretics Useful at Reducing Blood Pressure in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)? Yes!
- Schöpfer:
- Cramer, Andrew E.
- Beschreibung:
- The kidneys remove waste, produce hormones, and control blood pressure (BP). CKD is a disease spectrum, with stage one being least severe and stage five being the most severe often requiring dialysis. In CKD, the kidneys gradually stop working and manifest in various systemic issues such as heart disease, nerve damage, weak bones, fluid buildup, and hypertension. 10% of Americans are affected by CKD often accompanied by hypertension. Hypertension, a common risk factor for both cardiovascular disease and CKD, is often poorly controlled in patients with advanced CKD (stage 4). Additionally, hypertension accelerates the progression of CKD. Therefore, it should be treated, and diuretics are helpful in doing this. Among patients with advanced CKD and poorly controlled hypertension, chlorthalidone therapy improved blood pressure at 12 weeks as compared with placebo. This study proved that chlorthalidone, a drug that has been around for 65 years, is beneficial for reducing blood pressure in those with advanced CKD when it previously was contraindicated. This brings up the importance of taking a second look at older medications for new indications. New does not always mean better. Presented at the 2022 Showcase of Scholarship.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- Poster
- Stichwort:
- Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), thiazide diuretics, thiazide-like diuretics , Chlorthalidone, and hypertension
- Datum erstellt:
- 2022
26. Assessing Readability of Online Patient Education Materials for Spine Surgery Procedures
- Title Tesim:
- Assessing Readability of Online Patient Education Materials for Spine Surgery Procedures
- Schöpfer:
- Long, William W. BA1, Modi, Krishna D. BS1, Singh, Kern MD1, Mayo, Benjamin C. BA1, Long, William OMS-I, and Massel, Dustin H. BS1
- Beschreibung:
- Increased patient reliance on Internet-based health information has amplified the need for comprehensible online patient education articles. As suggested by the AMA and NIH, spine fusion articles should be between a 4th and 6th grade readability level to increase patient comprehension, which may contribute to improved postoperative outcomes. Objective: To determine the average readability level of online healthcare education information relating to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and lumbar fusion procedures. Design: Online Health-Education Resource Qualitative Analysis. Setting: Rush University Medical Center - Department of Orthopaedic Surgery. Methods: Three popular search engines were utilized to access patient education articles for common cervical and lumbar spine procedures. Relevant articles were analyzed for readability using Readability Studio Professional Edition software (Oleander Software, Ltd). Articles were stratified by organization type as follows: General Medical Websites (GMW), Healthcare Network/Academic Institutions (HNAI), and Private Practices (PP). Thirteen common readability tests were performed with the mean grade level for each readability test compared between subgroups using ANOVA analysis. Results: 79 ACDF and 231 lumbar fusion articles were determined to have a mean readability level of 10.7 ± 1.5 and 11.3 ± 1.6, respectively. GMW, HNAI, and PP subgroups had mean readability levels of 10.9 ± 2.9, 10.7 ± 2.8, and 10.7 ± 2.5 for ACDF and 10.9 ± 3.0, 10.8 ± 2.9, and 11.6 ± 2.7 for lumbar fusion articles. Of 310 total articles, only 6 (3 ACDF and 3 lumbar fusion) were written below the 7th grade reading level. Conclusions: Current online literature from medical websites containing information regarding ACDF and lumbar fusion procedures are written at a grade level higher than the suggested guidelines. Therefore, current patient education articles should be revised to accommodate the average readability level in the United States and may result in improved patient comprehension and postoperative outcomes.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- Poster
- Stichwort:
- Online patient education materials, patient comprehension, and spine surgery
- Datum erstellt:
- 2016
27. Assessing The PSMA-PET CT Predictive Ability of Extraprostatic Extension of Prostate Cancer
- Title Tesim:
- Assessing The PSMA-PET CT Predictive Ability of Extraprostatic Extension of Prostate Cancer
- Schöpfer:
- Asad, Ismail , Tippins, N., Tachibana, I., Bahler, C., Green, M., and Tann, M.
- Mitwirkender:
- Indiana University School of Medicine
- Beschreibung:
- Introduction and Objective: Accurate prediction of extraprostatic extension (EPE) can guide surgical treatment planning and maximize quality of life outcomes. We sought to analyze clinical and PSMA- PET CT EPE predictability. Methods: Retrospective review of pre-op PSMA-PET CT and clinical parameters compared with histopathologic EPE data. Results: EPE prediction with PSMA-PET CT: sensitivity (0.78), specificity (0.79), PPV (0.61), and NPV (0.90). After including Gleason grade, the ROC curve demonstrated an AUC of 0.82. Conclusion: PSMA-PET CT has strong EPE rule-out accuracy. Gleason grade did not substantially improve predictive capacity.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- Poster
- Stichwort:
- extraprostatic extension (EPE), surgical treatment planning, and EPE predictability
- Datum erstellt:
- 2023
28. Assessment of bone healing agents for promoting bone regeneration in spaceflight
- Title Tesim:
- Assessment of bone healing agents for promoting bone regeneration in spaceflight
- Schöpfer:
- Dadwal, U, Zamarioli, Ariane, Childress, P, Campbell, Zachery, and Kacena, M
- Related Url Tesim:
- Video presentation here: https://marian.hosted.panopto.com/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=221ddfad-5ade-4135-afac-ac74003017cb
- Beschreibung:
- Segmental bone defects secondary lo high-energy trauma may not spontaneousfy heal and orthopedic surgeons call on the use of bone graft substitutes. Bone morphogenetic prntein-2 (BMP-2) and thrombopoietin (TPO) are an FDA approved and a novel therapeutic alternative, respectively, lo revitalize these bone grafts thus stimulating osteogenesis. With the growing global interest in space exploration and colonization, these drugs may be used in the absence of loading conditions, which may interfere with their mechanisms and actions.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- Poster
- Stichwort:
- bone regeneration, spaceflight, thrombopoietin (TPO), and Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2)
- Datum erstellt:
- 2020
29. Association and Impact of Hypertension Defined Using the 2017 AHA/ACC Guidelines on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in ARIC Cohort
- Title Tesim:
- Association and Impact of Hypertension Defined Using the 2017 AHA/ACC Guidelines on the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in ARIC Cohort
- Schöpfer:
- Ali, Mohammed, Alonso, Alvaro, and Rattani, Anas
- Beschreibung:
- Hypertension is an established risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). We evaluated the association and population impact of hypertension defined using the new 2017 guidelines on risk of AF. In this analysis, we included 9,207 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities prospective cohort without history of cardiovascular disease. Participants underwent blood pressure measurements at baseline. AF was ascertained from study electrocardiograms, hospital records and death certificates. Cox proportional models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of AF among individuals with hypertension based on the JNC7 and 2017 ACC/AHA guidelines. Poisson models were used to obtain risk ratios and calculate population-attributable fractions (PAFs). We identified 1573 cases of incident AF during the study period. Prevalence of hypertension was 29% and 43% under the JNC7 and 2017 ACC/AHA definitions, respectively. HRs (95%CI) of AF in hypertensives versus non-hypertensives were 1.6 (1.5, 1.8) and 1.5 (1.4, 1.7) after adjusting for age, sex and race under the old and new guidelines, respectively. The corresponding PAF (95%CI) using the old and new guidelines were 12% (9%, 14%) and 14% (10%, 18%), respectively. Overall, our analysis shows that even though the prevalence of hypertension using the new criteria is 50% higher than with the old criteria, this does not translate in meaningful increases in AF attributable to hypertension. These results indicate that prevention or treatment of hypertension based on the new (versus old) guidelines may have a limited impact on AF incidence.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- poster
- Datum erstellt:
- 11/9/2018
30. Attitudes and Experiences of Frontline Nursing Home Staff Towards Coronavirus Testing
- Title Tesim:
- Attitudes and Experiences of Frontline Nursing Home Staff Towards Coronavirus Testing
- Schöpfer:
- Mack, Laramie, Hickman, Susan, Hofschulte-Beck, Spencer, Unroe, Kathleen, and Blackburn, Justin
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Ressourcentyp:
- poster
- Datum erstellt:
- 7/1/2020