Department of Exercise and Sports Science
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Last Updated: 2021-10-22
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1. Adipose tissue macrophage populations and inflammation are associated with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity
- Title Tesim:
- Adipose tissue macrophage populations and inflammation are associated with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity
- Schöpfer:
- Hart, C, Gries, Kevin, Ryan, Z, Kunz, H, Laurenti, M, Polley, E, Zhang, X, Dalla Man, C, Moore, N, Lanza, I, Vella, A, Parvizi, M, and Jensen, M
- Related Url Tesim:
- Access available from PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321823/ and Available from publisher: https://journals.physiology.org/doi/abs/10.1152/ajpendo.00070.2021?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org
- Beschreibung:
- Obesity is accompanied by numerous systemic and tissue-specific derangements, including systemic inflammation, insulin resistance, and mitochondrial abnormalities in skeletal muscle. Despite growing recognition that adipose tissue dysfunction plays a role in obesity-related disorders, the relationship between adipose tissue inflammation and other pathological features of obesity is not well-understood. We assessed macrophage populations and measured the expression of inflammatory cytokines in abdominal adipose tissue biopsies in 39 nondiabetic adults across a range of body mass indexes (BMI 20.5-45.8 kg/m2). Skeletal muscle biopsies were used to evaluate mitochondrial respiratory capacity, ATP production capacity, coupling, and reactive oxygen species production. Insulin sensitivity (SI) and β cell responsivity were determined from test meal postprandial glucose, insulin, c-peptide, and triglyceride kinetics. We examined the relationships between adipose tissue inflammatory markers, systemic inflammatory markers, SI, and skeletal muscle mitochondrial physiology. BMI was associated with increased adipose tissue and systemic inflammation, reduced SI, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Adipose-resident macrophage numbers were positively associated with circulating inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Local adipose tissue inflammation and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were negatively associated with SI, and circulating concentrations of TNFα and CRP were also negatively associated with skeletal muscle oxidative capacity. These results demonstrate that obese humans exhibit increased adipose tissue inflammation concurrently with increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced muscle oxidative capacity and suggest that adipose tissue and systemic inflammation may drive obesity-associated metabolic derangements.NEW AND NOTEWORTHY Adipose inflammation is proposed to be at the nexus of the systemic inflammation and metabolic derangements associated with obesity. The present study provides evidence to support adipose inflammation as a central feature of the pathophysiology of obesity. Adipose inflammation is associated with systemic and peripheral metabolic derangements, including increased systemic inflammation, reduced insulin sensitivity, and reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Herausgeber:
- American Physiological Society
- Identifikator:
- DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00070.2021 and PMID: 33998291
- Ressourcentyp:
- Article
- Stichwort:
- adipose tissue resident macrophages, obesity, insulin sensitivity, mitochondria, and inflammation
- Datum erstellt:
- 2021
2. The Aging Athlete: Paradigm of Healthy Aging
- Title Tesim:
- The Aging Athlete: Paradigm of Healthy Aging
- Schöpfer:
- Gries, Kevin and Trappe, SW
- Related Url Tesim:
- Available from the publisher website: https://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/a-1761-8481 and Available from PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35122228/#affiliation-1
- Beschreibung:
- 50% improved maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max) and enhanced skeletal muscle health (size, function, as well as metabolic and communicative properties) compared to non-exercisers at a similar age. By taking a reductionist approach to VO2max and skeletal muscle health, we can gain insight into how aging and habitual exercise affects the aging process. Collectively, this review provides a physiological basis for the elite performances seen in masters athletes, as well as the health implications of lifelong exercise with a focus on VO2max, skeletal muscle metabolic fitness, whole muscle size and function, single muscle fiber physiology, and communicative properties of skeletal muscle. This review has significant public health implications due to the potent health benefits of habitual exercise across the lifespan.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Herausgeber:
- Thieme. All rights reserved.
- Identifikator:
- DOI: 10.1055/a-1761-8481 and PMID: 35122228
- Ressourcentyp:
- Article
- Stichwort:
- habitual exercise, aging , skeletal muscle, and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max)
- Datum erstellt:
- 2022
3. Angiopoietin-2-induced lymphatic endothelial cell migration drives lymphangiogenesis via the β1 integrin-RhoA-formin axis
- Title Tesim:
- Angiopoietin-2-induced lymphatic endothelial cell migration drives lymphangiogenesis via the β1 integrin-RhoA-formin axis
- Schöpfer:
- Mikelis, C., Zheng, Y., Zahra, F., Gutkind, J., Zabet-Moghaddam, M., Akwii, R., Doci, Colleen L., Tullar, P., and Sajib, S.
- Related Url Tesim:
- Available in library catalog: https://marianunivindianapolis.on.worldcat.org/oclc/9409356519 and Available from publisher: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10456-022-09831-y#Sec32
- Beschreibung:
- Lymphangiogenesis is an essential physiological process but also a determining factor in vascular-related pathological conditions. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) plays an important role in lymphatic vascular development and function and its upregulation has been reported in several vascular-related diseases, including cancer. Given the established role of the small GTPase RhoA on cytoskeleton-dependent endothelial functions, we investigated the relationship between RhoA and Ang2-induced cellular activities. This study shows that Ang2-driven human dermal lymphatic endothelial cell migration depends on RhoA. We demonstrate that Ang2-induced migration is independent of the Tie receptors, but dependent on β1 integrin-mediated RhoA activation with knockdown, pharmacological approaches, and protein sequencing experiments. Although the key proteins downstream of RhoA, Rho kinase (ROCK) and myosin light chain, were activated, blockade of ROCK did not abrogate the Ang2-driven migratory effect. However, formins, an alternative target of RhoA, were identified as key players, and especially FHOD1. The Ang2-RhoA relationship was explored in vivo, where lymphatic endothelial RhoA deficiency blocked Ang2-induced lymphangiogenesis, highlighting RhoA as an important target for anti-lymphangiogenic treatments.
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Herausgeber:
- Springer Nature
- Identifikator:
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10456-022-09831-y
- Ressourcentyp:
- Article
- Stichwort:
- Formins , Integrins , Lymphatic endothelial cells, RhoA , Ang2 , Angiopoietin-2 , Cell migration, Small GTPase, Lymphangiogenesis , and HDLEC
- Datum erstellt:
- 2022
4. Preserved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in older adults despite decreased cardiorespiratory fitness with ageing
- Title Tesim:
- Preserved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in older adults despite decreased cardiorespiratory fitness with ageing
- Schöpfer:
- Gries, Kevin, Zhang, X., Polley, E.C. , Hart, C.R. , Kunz, H.E. , and Lanza, I.R.
- Related Url Tesim:
- Available from Pubmed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34032280/, Available from the publisher website:https://doi.org/10.1113/JP281691, and Available for access or request from the library catalog: Preserved skeletal muscle oxidative capacity in older adults despite decreased cardiorespiratory fitness with ageing
- Beschreibung:
- Declining fitness (˙VO2 peak) is a hallmark of ageing and believed to arise from decreased oxygen delivery and reduced muscle oxidative capacity. Physical activity is a modifiable lifestyle factor that is critical when evaluating the effects of age on parameters of fitness and energy metabolism. The objective was to evaluate the effects of age and sex on ˙VO2peak,muscle mitochondrial physiology, and physical activity in young and older adults. An additional objective was to assess the contribution of skeletal muscle oxidative capacity to age-related reductions in ˙VO2peak and determine if age-related variation in ˙VO2peak and muscle oxidative capacity could be explained on the basis of physical activity levels. In 23 young and 52 older men and women measurements were made of ˙V O2peak, mitochondrial physiology in permeabilized muscle fibres, and free-living physical activity by accelerometry. Regression analyses were used to evaluate associations between age and ˙VO2peak, mitochondrial function, and physical activity. Significant age-related reductions were observed for ˙V O2peak (P < 0.001), but not muscle mitochondrial capacity. Total daily step counts did not decrease with age, but older adults showed lower moderate-to-vigorous physical activity,which was associated with ˙VO2peak (R2 = 0.323, P < 0.001) and muscle oxidative capacity (R2 = 0.086, P = 0.011).
- Erklärung der Rechte:
- http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
- Sprache:
- English
- Herausgeber:
- The Physiological Society
- Identifikator:
- PMID: 34032280 and DOI:10.1113/JP281691
- Ressourcentyp:
- Article
- Stichwort:
- skeletal muscle, mitochondria, physical activity, and ageing
- Datum erstellt:
- 2021