Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) constitute the largest subdivision of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-? family of ligands and exert most of their effects through the canonical effectors Smad1, 5, and 8. Appropriate...
The transforming growth factor ? (TGF-?) superfamily is a large group of signaling molecules that participate in embryogenesis, organogenesis, and tissue homeostasis. These molecules are present in all animal genomes....